Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis on a global scale

Authors

Khushbu Viresh Janani, Soundview Medical Associates, Department of Internal Medicine, Hartford Healthcare, 50 Danbury Road, Wilton, CT, 06612, USA.
Parsa Saberian, Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Hardik B. Patel, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale New Haven Health Bridgeport Hospital, 267 Grant Street, Bridgeport, CT, 06610, USA.
Narsimha Rao Keetha, Ohio Kidney and Hypertension Center, 7255, Old Oak Blvd, Ste C111 Middleburg Hts, Fairview Park, OH, 44130, USA.
Ardalan Etemadzadeh, Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Anya Patel, , Nashua High School South 36 Riverside St, Nashua, NH, 03062, USA.
Seyyed Mohammad Hashemi, Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. mohammadhashemi281@gmail.com.
Ehsan Amini-Salehi, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. ehsanaminisalehi1998@gmail.com.Follow
Anoop Gurram, Department of Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 33300 Cleveland Clinic Blvd, Avon, Ohio, ashua, NH, 44011, 03062, USA.

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Journal of health, population, and nutrition

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be at higher risk of developing MetS due to chronic inflammation, altered adipokine profiles, and the effects of corticosteroid treatment. However, the prevalence of MetS in IBD patients remains inconsistent across studies. This meta-analysis aims to estimate the prevalence of MetS in IBD patients and compare its occurrence between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science from their inception up to January 19, 2025. Eligible observational studies reporting MetS prevalence in IBD patients were included. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model, with heterogeneity assessed via the I² statistic. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software, version 4.0 was used for analysis. RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of MetS in IBD patients was 21.8% (95% CI: 14.3-31.6%). The prevalence was higher in UC patients (32.7%, 95% CI: 16.0-55.5%) compared to CD patients (14.1%, 95% CI: 8.6-22.3%). Patients with UC had significantly higher odds of MetS than those with CD (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.03-1.85, P = 0.02). Additionally, IBD patients with MetS were significantly older than those without (MD: 9.89, 95% CI: 5.12-14.67, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In summary, this meta-analysis reveals a notable prevalence of MetS among patients with IBD, particularly in those with UC, where the prevalence is higher than in CD. The analysis also shows that IBD patients with MetS tend to be older, suggesting age as a contributing factor. These findings underscore the need for routine metabolic screening in IBD care, especially in UC and elderly patients.

First Page

112

DOI

10.1186/s41043-025-00860-z

Publication Date

4-9-2025

Recommended Citation

Janani, Khushbu Viresh; Saberian, Parsa; Patel, Hardik B.; Keetha, Narsimha Rao; Etemadzadeh, Ardalan; Patel, Anya; Hashemi, Seyyed Mohammad; Amini-Salehi, Ehsan; and Gurram, Anoop, "Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis on a global scale" (2025). Gastroenterology. 17.
https://scholar.bridgeporthospital.org/gastroenterology/17

Identifier

40205601 (pubmed); 10.1186/s41043-025-00860-z (doi); 10.1186/s41043-025-00860-z (pii)