Efficacy of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors for Headache in Acute Brain Injury: A Systematic Review

Authors

Hector David Comparan, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Anum Khaliq, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.Follow
Luciola Martins Frota, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.Follow
Daniela Pomar-Forero, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.Follow
Bakhtawar Ahmad, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.Follow
Erica Marnet, Department of Medicine, Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, CT, USA 06610.Follow
Fernanda J. Teixeira, Department of Neurology, University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, FL, USA, 33130.Follow
Anita Thomas, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.Follow
Priyank Patel, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.Follow
Haley Brunkal, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.Follow
Saanvi Singireddy, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.Follow
Brandon Lucke-Wold, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.Follow

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Research square

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Headache management after acute brain injury (ABI) is challenging. While opioids are commonly used, selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (COXIBs) may be promising alternatives. However, concerns about cardiovascular effects and bleeding risk have limited their use. We aimed at summarizing available data on efficacy of COXIBs for headache management following ABI. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted through MEDLINE and Embase for articles published through 09/2023 (PROSPERO CRD42022320453). No language filters were applied to the initial searches. Interventional or observational studies and systematic reviews assessing efficacy of COXIBs for headache in adults with ABI were eligible. Article selection was performed by two independent reviewers using Distiller SR. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis, while meta-analysis was unfeasible due to study heterogeneity. RESULTS: Of 3190 articles identified, six studies met inclusion criteria: four randomized controlled trials and two retrospective cohort studies, all conducted in neurosurgical patients (total n=738) between 2006-2022. Five studies used COXIBs in the intervention group only. Of the six studies, four found a reduction in overall pain scores in the intervention group, while one showed improvement only at 6 hours postoperative, and one did not find significant differences. Pain scores decreased between 4-15%, the largest shift being from moderate to mild severity. Three studies found an overall opioid use reduction throughout hospitalization in the intervention group, while one reported a reduction at 12 hours postoperative only. Opioid consumption decreased between 9-90%. Two studies found a decrease in hospital-length-of-stay by ~1 day in the intervention group. The one study reporting postoperative hemorrhage found a statistically non-significant 3% reduction in the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: In adults with ABI, COXIBs may serve as opioid-sparing adjunctive analgesics for headache control, with limited but pointed data to indicate efficacy in the post-neurosurgical setting. However, further safety data remains to be elucidated.

DOI

10.21203/rs.3.rs-4232407/v1

Publication Date

4-8-2024

Recommended Citation

Comparan, Hector David; Khaliq, Anum; Frota, Luciola Martins; Pomar-Forero, Daniela; Ahmad, Bakhtawar; Marnet, Erica; Teixeira, Fernanda J.; Thomas, Anita; Patel, Priyank; Brunkal, Haley; Singireddy, Saanvi; and Lucke-Wold, Brandon, "Efficacy of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors for Headache in Acute Brain Injury: A Systematic Review" (2024). Internal Medicine. 60.
https://scholar.bridgeporthospital.org/internal_medicine/60

Identifier

38659820 (pubmed); PMC11042422 (pmc); 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4232407/v1 (doi); rs.3.rs-4232407 (pii)