Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Socioeconomic Discrepancies, Contemporary Treatment Approaches and Survival Trends from the National Cancer Database

Authors

Johannes Uhlig, Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.Follow
Cortlandt M. Sellers, Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.Follow
Charles Cha, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.Follow
Sajid A. Khan, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.Follow
Jill Lacy, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.Follow
Stacey M. Stein, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.Follow
Hyun S. Kim, Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. kevin.kim@yale.edu.Follow

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Annals of surgical oncology

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate socioeconomic discrepancies in current treatment approaches and survival trends among patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). METHODS: The 2004-2015 National Cancer Database was retrospectively analyzed for histopathologically proven ICC. Treatment predictors were evaluated using multinomial logistic regression and overall survival via multivariable Cox models. RESULTS: Overall, 12,837 ICC patients were included. Multiple factors influenced treatment allocation, including age, education, comorbidities, cancer stage, grade, treatment center, and US state region (multivariable p < 0.05). The highest surgery rates were observed in the Middle Atlantic (28.7%) and lowest rates were observed in the Mountain States (18.4%). Decreased ICC treatment likelihood was observed for male African Americans with Medicaid insurance and those with low income (multivariable p < 0.05). Socioeconomic treatment discrepancies translated into decreased overall survival for patients of male sex (vs. female; hazard ratio [HR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-1.26, p < 0.001), with low income (< $37,999 vs. ≥ $63,000 annually; HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.14, p = 0.032), and with Medicaid insurance (vs. private insurance; HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04-1.23, p = 0.006). Both surgical and non-surgical ICC management showed increased survival compared with no treatment, with the longest survival for surgery (5-year overall survival for surgery, 33.5%; interventional oncology, 11.8%; radiation oncology/chemotherapy, 4.4%; no treatment, 3.3%). Among non-surgically treated patients, interventional oncology yielded the longest survival versus radiation oncology/chemotherapy (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.65-0.82, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: ICC treatment allocation and outcome demonstrated a marked variation depending on socioeconomic status, demography, cancer factors, and US geography. Healthcare providers should address these discrepancies by providing surgery and interventional oncology as first-line treatment to all eligible patients, with special attention to the vulnerable populations identified in this study.

First Page

1993

Last Page

2000

DOI

10.1245/s10434-019-07175-4

Publication Date

7-1-2019

Recommended Citation

Uhlig, Johannes; Sellers, Cortlandt M.; Cha, Charles; Khan, Sajid A.; Lacy, Jill; Stein, Stacey M.; and Kim, Hyun S., "Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Socioeconomic Discrepancies, Contemporary Treatment Approaches and Survival Trends from the National Cancer Database" (2019). Surgery. 211.
https://scholar.bridgeporthospital.org/surgery/211

Identifier

30693451 (pubmed); 10.1245/s10434-019-07175-4 (doi); 10.1245/s10434-019-07175-4 (pii)